William b



\/\/T^ B. GUERNSEY,

ELECTRO Mmmm-:Tse ALARMS.

Mmmm MA1: 141871 wrrmsls. v l INVETOR.

WILLIAM B. GU'ERNSEY, 0F JERSEY UITYgN-EW JERSEY.

'Letters Patent No. 112,7045, dated Marchili, 1871. i

.The Schedule referred to in these Lettera. Patent and making part of the name.

I, WILLIAM B. Gnnnnsnr, of ,Jersey Oity, in the county of Hudson and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Elecl tro-magnetic Alarms, of which the following is a specification.

Nature and Objects of the Incention.

out-aj batterj'either byserering tiza-conductor clos-- ing a short circuit between the poles.

In carrying out this invention I prefer to arrange one or more conductors in connection withv a plurality of batteries, and an electro-magnet, galvanometer, or other device, to be actuated by electricity in such a manner that, while the apparatus is in its normal condition, one battery will so far balance or counteract another as to render the magnet, or its equivalent, in-

active, but in the event ofthe cm'rentirom one of the batteries being ont oi from the coil by either shortcircuiting or severing the circuit, the unobstructed current of the battery or batteries will cause the magnet, or its equivalent, to act so as to close a local circuit and sound a continuous alarm, which cannotbe interrupted @cept by a party at or near the instrument. The closing of this local circuit may be made to so break'or short-circuit the previously-interrupted circuit as toprevent said circuit being effectively reclosed at the point where the alarm rst originated.

Description of the Accompanying, Drawing.

Figure 1 represents an arrangement in which two disconnected circuits are made to actin opposition upon the respective coils of an electro-magnet so as to Vneutraline'each other .until one or" them is ent out.

liether broken-or short-circuited without sounding an t alarm.

General .Devm'pttono v .-n g.l, B B represent twobatteries, each'connectedthrough wires W and W1 with one ofthe coils.of an electro-magnet, galvauometer, or electro-magnetic motor of any suitable form.

L is an armature, which, while the magnet M M is inactive, .is deiected away from `it by a spring, 'as is usual, or by other means.

When the magnet becomes active the armature, being drawn against a stop, S, will, close a local circuit, W3, which may bel connected either with the battery B orwitb a special battery, B. Thislcealcircuit, when thus closed, will sound an alarm, A., which may be of any known and suitable form, anddoes not require specic'dencption.

As the alarm-circilit is independent of' that through `which the movement originates the alarm will be continuous, and it may, by a simple cotrivance, be placed out of the power of a party rit-the point there the discartacee y {ia-'st originated. .tn .again demagnetizathe.

magnet M M or restore theparts totheir original condition. t

In the illustr vtien given in iig. l this ecct'ed byy the following means: y v ,y

wl is a branch Wire, connected atene end with the main Wire W1, and at tbe other with the pivot ofthe armature L, orany part or" the `iecal circuit W3 connected Vwith said armature.

' wi is another branch wire, connectedwith the other part of the wire W and terminating in the stop S, against which the armature is drawn by the magnet.

Itis/ill thus be seen that -the closure ofthe circuit W forms a new .short circuit for the wires W1, entirely avoiding'the magnet M M', so that in the event of the parte Where the disturbance originated being restored to their original positions so as to place the other ends of the wires W* again in connection with the respective poles of `the battery B1, the magnet M MWili still be nnintinenced by said battery, but Will .stillV be er:-A -cited bythe battery E.

In tign is illustrated another arrangementof .tripparatns, by which the same general resultsxrnay beeffooted.'y l

B and B1 mayrepresent single-cell batteriesv ci power, and B2 a two-cell battery, having aforce double that of each of the others, or enualto both combined.

The positive-poles ,it of the batteries B *El are turned toward each other, and connected through the wires W W* ar, armature @and the coils of a. ma;

net, M, or itaeqnivalent.

The positive-.pole ,fp ci the battery E: is likewise coni y nected with therwire .withrongn branch wires wz;

The negative-pelean@ n of the respective batteriw. areconnected in like manner by the wires W* and ce'. Y.

The local circnitW and alarm A may be arranged' as vbefore described inreference to ng. l...

V .it will non be apparent-that, while the feomneetions poles of all the batteries may changing the invention.

' example) beingcut ont by shoit-ei'rouiting its conducting-wires Wx W, or either of said )rires being severed, thebattery Bz'being 'ef greater power than the battery B will cause a current through the magnet M, rendering it inactive, so as to draw the armature L against the stop S, thus closing the local circuit W3, so as to produce analarm which will continue until stopped by an authorized party.

The same movement of the armaturedisconnects it from the back-stop Sat the termination of the wire W1, and thnsfpermanently cuts o' the battery B* from the magnet M, so that nosubsequent act performed at the point where the' disturbance originated can restore the connection between said battery B and the magnet or'counteract the effect of theI battery Bi.

In practice, the resistance from the magnet each way vto the point h should be'equal.

This arrangement possesses a special advantage in economy, in that the batteries are inactive in the norl mal condition of the apparatus, and an advantage4 in security, iti-that no current exists in the wires, which might he detected by a galvanometer introduced for an improper purpose.

It will be manifest. that the positive and negativebe transposed without In iig. 3 I have shoivnan arrangement under which my inventioniay'beoarried ontwith the use ot' but one'battery, 'epa-rt frointhat whichmay be used inthe alarm-circuit, `but which latterma'ybe dispensedwith v entirely," a.' clock-rvorkor anyothersui tableAA motor being'u'sed in its`stea d. .Under the normal condition of this apparatus the magnet-Mis ,actedfonbythe battery B1 so as to draw .inc .arniatnre-'L'-away from the'back-stop S andjleave one; means: against, ,insteek-.stop VS3 closes the:

metri-7.8.Mandaeans This alarm may be rendered ccntinuousand placed ont Vot' reacl1`of a party at the peint of tirstlisturbanoe by a simple cout-rivance, which/will canse the movenient of the armature L or' of. the bell-armature to break the circuit W1.

In all these various illustrations the battery Bl, which is to be disconnected to produce an alarm, is intended to he placed within or at the place to be protected, and thenlarrn 4mechanism at -tiie residence or location oi the personuin charge of the property.

. My present invention differs essentially from closedcircnit alarms in present use, in that the latter may be short-circuitcd hy an unauthorized party in such a way asto cutaout the placelwhich it was designed to protect, and thus leave it exposed, whereas. in my invention any short-circuiting of .the conductor will cnt out a battery, severing itfrom the. magnet, and at once cause an alarm.

` Those skilled in the art toiwhich my invention appertains willreadily understand how the appliances for carrying ont my invention may, without departing from its .essential principles, be modified in various. ways, and howa galvanometer, or 'other equivalent.

device, may be substituted for the magnet M. It is therefore unnecessary to enter into a specific descrip*- tion of' any such modifications or substitute devices.

The arrangement herein described can be adapted as well for house purposes or any other use where a number of openings are. to be protected, the' respective wires being sodisposed at e'aoh of' said openings that the forming of a short `circuit or connection between themby4 anyactto be detected wili cnt ont the ,battex-y'.`

, lClaim.;

I claim as my inventionm A batteryia conductor, and an. alarm mechanism, so arranged and combinedthat .the shcrtecircniting or severing ofthe conductor, or the doing of any act which isto be detect-ed, Willcnt out or disconnect thefba'ttery magnet' or other. electrofmotor, land thereb'l 

